A refrigerator is an essential appliance in every household, keeping our food fresh and cool. However, just like any other mechanical device, refrigerators can encounter problems over time. One common issue that many people face is a malfunctioning compressor. The compressor is the heart of the refrigerator, responsible for circulating the refrigerant and maintaining the desired temperature inside.
When the compressor fails, the refrigerator fails to cool properly, leading to spoiled food and inconvenience. Fortunately, troubleshooting a refrigerator compressor is not as daunting as it may seem. With a step-by-step guide, you can diagnose and fix the problem without having to call for professional help immediately. In this article, we will walk you through the process of troubleshooting a refrigerator compressor.
Gather the tools you need
Before you start troubleshooting, it is essential to gather the necessary tools. Here are the tools you will typically need:
– Screwdrivers (flathead and Phillips)
Screwdrivers are essential for removing screws and accessing different parts of the refrigerator. Make sure you have both flathead and Phillips screwdrivers as different screws may require different types.
– Multimeter
A multimeter is a versatile tool that can measure various electrical properties. You will need it to check the electrical connections and ensure the power is reaching the compressor.
– Pliers
Pliers will come in handy for gripping and twisting wires, especially if you need to replace any faulty ones.
– Flashlight
Since the compressor is located in the back of the refrigerator, having a flashlight will help you navigate through the dark areas and inspect the compressor more effectively.
Step 1: Safety first
Before you start troubleshooting, it is crucial to prioritize your safety. Turn off the power to the refrigerator by unplugging it or switching off the circuit breaker. Dealing with electrical components can be dangerous, so taking this precautionary measure is essential.
Step 2: Inspect the compressor
Begin by locating the compressor. In most refrigerators, the compressor is located at the back, on the bottom. It is a black, box-shaped component that may produce a humming sound when functioning correctly.
Once you have located the compressor, visually inspect it for any noticeable signs of damage. Look for oil stains, visible leaks, or loose wires. If you spot any of these issues, it may indicate a problem with the compressor.
Step 3: Listen for abnormal sounds
Now that you have inspected the compressor visually, it’s time to use your ears. Plug in the refrigerator and listen carefully for any unusual sounds coming from the compressor. While a slight humming sound is normal, any loud noises, clicking, or buzzing sounds could indicate a problem.
If you hear any abnormal sounds, it is best to contact a professional technician as it may require a more in-depth diagnosis and repair.
Step 4: Test the electrical connections
Using a multimeter, you can check if the power is reaching the compressor. Set your multimeter to the “Ohms” function and touch the probes to the prongs of the compressor’s electrical connection.
A reading close to zero indicates the circuit is closed, meaning the power is reaching the compressor. If you get an infinite or significantly high reading, it suggests an open circuit, indicating an issue with the electrical connection.
Step 5: Check the start relay
The start relay is responsible for supplying power to the compressor during start-up. A faulty start relay can prevent the compressor from functioning correctly. Locate the start relay, which is usually near the compressor, and remove it carefully.
Using the multimeter, test the start relay for continuity. Set the multimeter to the “Ohms” function and touch one probe to the start relay’s common terminal and the other probe to its run terminal. If there is no continuity, it means the start relay is defective and needs to be replaced.
Step 6: Examine the overload protector
The overload protector is designed to protect the compressor from overheating. It is a rectangular-shaped component connected to the compressor. Inspect the overload protector and look for any signs of physical damage, such as burns or cracks.
If the overload protector appears damaged or does not provide continuity when tested with a multimeter, it is likely causing the compressor malfunction. In this case, it needs to be replaced.
Step 7: Call a professional technician
If you have followed the previous steps and haven’t been able to identify the problem or fix it, it’s time to call a professional technician. Refrigerator compressors can be complex, and attempting to repair them without proper knowledge and experience may cause further damage.
When contacting a technician, provide them with all the information you have gathered during troubleshooting. This will help them diagnose the issue more efficiently and ensure a quicker resolution.
In conclusion
Troubleshooting a refrigerator compressor is a relatively straightforward process if you proceed systematically and follow the steps outlined in this guide. By gathering the necessary tools and taking safety precautions, you can identify and potentially solve the problem on your own. However, if you are unsure or unable to fix the compressor yourself, it is always best to seek professional assistance. Remember, a properly functioning compressor is crucial for keeping your food fresh and avoiding food spoilage.